The language spoken in England was affected by this clash of cultures, with the emergence of Anglo-Norse dialects. In 886, the Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum was formalised, defining the boundaries of their kingdoms, with provisions for peaceful relations between the English and the Vikings. ĭanelaw can describe the set of legal terms and definitions created in the treaties between Alfred the Great, the king of Wessex, and Guthrum, the Danish warlord, written following Guthrum's defeat at the Battle of Edington in 878. With the increase in population and productivity in Scandinavia, Viking warriors, having sought treasure and glory in the nearby British Isles, "proceeded to plough and support themselves", in the words of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the year 876.
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The Danelaw originated from the invasion of the Great Heathen Army into England in the 9th century, although the term was not used to describe a geographic area until the 11th century. The areas that constituted the Danelaw lie in northern and eastern England, long occupied by Danes and other Norsemen. The term is first recorded in the early 11th century as Dena lage. The Danelaw contrasts with the West Saxon law and the Mercian law.
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The Danelaw ( / ˈ d eɪ n ˌ l ɔː/, also known as the Danelagh Old English: Dena lagu Danish: Danelagen) was the part of England in which the laws of the Danes held sway and dominated those of the Anglo-Saxons.